Gravesites Of Tasmania

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PRISONERS IN CHAINS 

Extracts from the 1873–90 Campbell Street Gaol Gate-book 

Compiled by Laurie Moody   

Browsing through the listings in the Campbell Street Gaol gate-book covering the years 1873–90, I decided to discover how many prisonerss were confined in chains during their imprisonment.   It appears that a total of fifteen males spent varying periods in chains, mainly as punishment for escaping. The following listings make interesting reading. 

Abbreviations

To save space the use of ‘aka’ indicates ‘also known as’, Van Diemen’s Land will appear as VDL, New South Wales as NSW, Ticket-of-Leave as TOL.  Campbell Street Gaol as CSG, Hobart Supreme Court as HSC and Launceston Supreme Court as LSC.  All other court appearances were at the Police Office Hobart. 

ABEL; Henry

On 8 February 1879 at the age of nineteen,Henry was sentenced at Hobart to Four Months in gaol for Deserting his Vessel. His warrant number was 12745. He is shown as being a seaman, Catholic with one prior conviction and could read and write. Henry had arrived in Tasmania aboard the Isabella as a Free Convict. On 26 March 1879 he was found guilty of Escaping Lawful Custody and sentenced to One Month in Chains. Henry was eventually released to freedom on 13 September.  

 

AHERNE; Daniel

Daniel was formerly a soldier of the 99th Regiment. He was sentenced to LIFE (a Commutation) in the HSC on 30 August 1864 for Wounding with Intent to Kill and sent to Port Arthur.His warrant number was 11706. Daniel had arrived in Tasmania aboard the Emma as a Free Convict, resumably from NSW. It appears that while at Port Arthur he was found guilty of Grievious Bodily Harm. On the 12 August 1865 he was sentenced in the HSC to Five Years in Chains. He was returned to Port Arthur on 4 February 1877. He arrived back at CSG on 31 October and was discharged to the Insane Hospital on 26 March 1878. Daniel is shown as being a shoemaker, Protestant with one prior conviction, literate and was then 56 years old.  

BRIGHT; William

William was originally sentenced in the HSC on 9 July 1872 to Eight Years for Housebreaking and Larceny. He had arrived in VDL aboard the Louisa on 26 April 1846 shown as being a free settler. Records show that he had arrived in Australia aboard the Asia as a convict. William, aged 55, escaped on 19 July 1876 and upon his recapture at New Norfolk (date not shown) was sentenced to Three Years in Chains. He is shown as being a millwright, Protestant with three or more convictions and was literate. William was transferred to Port Arthur on 9 August 1876. He was eventually released to freedom on 31 March 1880 with remission.

 

BRODIE; Thomas Henry

On 13 November 1877 native-born Thomas was found guilty at the Police Office Launceston of Assaulting a Female, Assaulting the Police and Escaping Lawful Custody. He was sentenced to Three Months on the first charge and Six Months each on the second and third charges. His warrant number was 12240. He is shown as being a labourer, Catholic with three or more prior convictions and could read and write. On the 25 January 1878 he was sentenced at CSG for Prison Offences and received 14 Days Solitary in Chains. Thomas was released on 5 April.

 

COLLINS; Walter

Walter is shown arriving in Tasmania on board the Lady Belmore as a free convict on 1 January 1877. On 10 April that year he was found guilty in the LSC of Assault and Robbery and was sentenced to Five Years gaol. His warrant number was 907. Twenty year-old Walter arrived at CSG on 18 April and escaped on 30 August. He was eventually captured and sentenced to Six Months in Chains. His warrant number on this offence was 11907. However, on 7 April 1878 Walter escaped from the stone quarry and when recaptured five days after his escape, he received a further Nine Months in Chains. A release date is not shown.

 

COOPER; James Joseph

Native-born James was charged with Receiving on 11 May 1874 and sentenced to Five Years at Port Arthur. His warrant number was 11132. James is shown as being a labourer, Catholic with one prior conviction and could read and write. On 6 June 1876, now at CSG, he was charged with Misconduct and Making a False Statement. James received a Six Month sentence. His warrant number was 12081. On the 4 March 1879 James was found guilty in the HSC of Forgery and Uttering while apparently still in gaol. He was due to be released on 12 March 1879, now aged 25 years, but received a Ten Year sentence. His warrant number was still 12081. However, on that same date he is shown as being found guilty of three separate prison offences. The first offence received a sentence of Three Months in Chains. The second received 41 Days Solitary Confinement and the third resulted in Twelve Months Hard Labour.  James was eventually released to freedom on 10 November 1886.

DOUGLAS; Robert aka WELSH; WEBSTER

Robert was originally sentenced to Eight Years gaol on 13 February 1872 for Burglary and sent to Port Arthur. He had arrived in Tasmania, aged 49 years, aboard the Royal William, presumably from NSW, as a free settler. His warrant number was 10390. Robert is shown as being a currier, Catholic with three prior convictions and literate. On 21 July 1874 he was sentenced to Six Months gaol for escaping on 17 May 1874, presumably from Port Arthur. Robert arrived back at CSG on 21 July.  He again escaped on 23 June 1876 and was apparently recaptured on or about 10 September 1877. On that date he was sentenced to Twelve Months in Chains. Undeterred, Robert again escaped on 27 November. On this occasion he was only free for a few days. His court appearance resulted in a Four Year sentence and Twelve Months in Chains. Robert was eventually released to freedom with remission on 28 September 1881.

FISHER; George

George arrived in VDL aboard the Stratheden on 25 December 1845 from London. On 1 December 1874 at the age of 44 years he was found guilty in the HSC of Forging and Uttering an Order. He was sentenced to Twelve Years and sent to Port Arthur. His warrant number was 11256. George is shown as being a tailor, Protestant with three or more convictions and could read and write. He is also shown as holding a TOL. It would appear that at some time in or around September 1877 George escaped, presumably from CSG, as he was found guilty of escaping and sentenced to Twelve Months Hard Labour in Chains on 10 September. However, on 27 November he was found guilty of Burglary and Escape and sentenced to Six Years and Twelve Months in Chains. George was finally released on 19 August 1883.

 

LANGTON; John

Originally sentenced on 9 January 1873 to Seven Years for Indecent Assault at the LSC, 45 year-old John was found guilty of Attempting to Escape on 11 April 1876 and was sentenced to Three Months in Chains. His warrant number was 11257. John is shown as being a farm labourer, Protestant with one prior conviction and was literate. He had arrived in Tasmania on board the Maria Somes as a free settler on 9 August 1850. John was released on 15 January 1879.

 

PARKER; Edwin Robert

Native-born Edwin was 27 years-old when he was sentenced at the LSC on 4 November 1886 to 15 Years for Manslaughter. His warrant number was 16496. On 26 August 1888 he was found guilty of Absconding from CSG and sentenced to Six Months in Chains. He is shown as being a seaman, Catholic with three or more convictions and was illiterate. There is no release date as the gate-book ceased at the end of 1890.

WALKER; John

At 23 years of age, John appears to have arrived in Tasmania aboard the Derwent as a Free Convict early in 1878. On 15 October 1878 John was found guilty of Horse Stealing at the LSC and was sentenced to Four Years gaol. His warrant number was 12587. He is shown as being a labourer, Protestant with no prior convictions and was literate. However, on 25 November he was found guilty of Escaping on 16 November and sentenced to Six Months in Chains. However, on 5 April 1880 John is shown as escaping again and there is no mention of him being recaptured or released. 

WALMSLEY; Joseph

Another who was sentenced at the LSC, Joseph received Eight Years for Housebreaking and Stealing on 17 September 1872 and was sent to Port Arthur. His warrant number was 893. On 19 July 1876 Joseph escaped from the Stone Shed and after several days on the run was recaptured. He was then sentenced to Twelve Months in Chains. Joseph is shown as being a cook, Protestant with three or more convictions and could read and write. He appears to have arrived in Tasmania aboard the vessel Isabella (2) as a free settler. There is no release date shown.

 

WARRENER; John

Nineteen year-old John was sentenced in the HSC on 8 June 1876 to Eight Years gaol for Assault with Intent to Rape. His warrant number was 11496. Native-born, he is shown as being a farm labourer, Protestant with no prior convictions and was literate. John was later found guilty of Escaping from Custody between 30 August and 3 September 1877 possibly in company with Charles Winter (see Winter). As a result he was sentenced to Six Months in Chains. John was eventually released to freedom on 8 June 1881. 

WHITE; George aka NUTT

George was transported to what was still known as VDL using the surname Nutt aboard the Fairlie from Plymouth. He arrived on 3 July 1852. On 5 July 1870, the 44 year-old was found guilty in the HSC of Robbery of the Person and Misconduct. As a result he was sentenced to Ten Years at Port Arthur. His warrant number was 11889. George is shown as being a boatman, Catholic with three or more convictions and could read and write. He arrived at CSG along with most of the remaining Port Arthur prisoners on 17 April 1877. George appears to have escaped on 29 March 1878 and upon recapture was sentenced to Three Months in Chains. Undeterred, he again is shown escaping on 28 February 1879. Recaptured on 6 March he was again sentenced to another Three Months in Chains. George was eventually released with remission on 6 January 1880.

WINTER; Charles Wilfred aka BENNETT

Charles, presumably native-born was originally sentenced in the LSC on10 April 1877 for Obtaining Money by False Pretences. This resulted in a Four Year gaol sentence. His warrant number was 908. He arrived at CSG on the 18 April and is shown as being a labourer, Protestant with no prior convictions and was literate. However, he too, was found guilty of escaping possibly in company with John Warrener (see Warrener) between 30 August and 3 September 1877. Charles also received a sentence of Six Months in Chains. Again undeterred, he escaped on 7 April 1878 and it appears remained at large until around 21 June when he was again back in custody and sentenced to Nine Months in Chains. Charles regained his freedom on 27 May 1886.

 

 

 

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